![]() From the outset it was mired in controversy in the face of adamant opposition from German allies, in particular the US and Poland, who both believed the Germans were making themselves and much of the rest of Europe hostage to Russian energy supplies. Nord Stream 2 was completed in September 2021 but has never transported any gas. Nord Stream 1 went into operation in 2012. Nord Stream 1 and 2 are both twin pipelines, and together they bring up to 110bn cubic metres of gas annually from Russia to Germany. ![]() The Nord Stream pipelines are operated by two companies, Nord Stream AG and Nord Stream 2 AG, both majority-owned by the Russian state energy company Gazprom. Other reports in the Scandinavian media have pointed to a cluster of Russian ships, with their identifying transponders turned off, in the vicinity of the blast sites in the days before the explosions. But the leaked US document said the planned operation had been put on hold. Nord Stream pipeline damage captured in underwater footage – videoĪ leaked US defence document, reported by the Washington Post, showed the CIA had been tipped off by an allied European agency in June 2022, three months before the attack, that six members of Ukraine’s special operations forces were going to rent a boat and use a submersible vehicle to dive to the seabed using oxygen and helium for breathing, in order to sabotage the pipeline. There is debate, however, over whether a small crew of divers operating from a pleasure yacht would have been capable of carrying out the difficult, deep and slow dives necessary to place the explosives. German investigators have focused on a 51ft rental yacht called the Andromeda, which was hired by a mysterious crew of five men and one woman, at least some of whom were travelling on false passports.ĭer Spiegel, which recreated the Andromeda’s journey, quoted investigators as saying the evidence all pointed at Kyiv’s involvement. Investigations are continuing, but officials quoted in the US and German press have said the evidence points towards a Ukrainian-backed group, or a pro-Ukrainian group operating without the knowledge of the leadership in Kyiv. By November last year, Swedish investigators had confirmed that the breaches were caused by man-made explosives. ![]() The explosions made holes in both Nord Stream 1 pipelines and one of the Nord Stream 2 pipelines. Norsar said there could potentially be further explosions buried in the data. Photograph: Danish Defence/AFP/Getty Images The gas leak at the Nord Stream 2 pipeline off the Danish Baltic island of Bornholm, south of Dueodde. ![]()
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